![]() ![]() Caldwell and Okpala ( 2022) emphasized that the ability to care, or to lead with passion, has been identified as a leadership quality in today's environment and has been cited as an essential condition for successful organizations. Clifton and Harter ( 2019) concluded that the failure of organizations to engage their employees is due to ineffective managers and supervisors who are poorly trained and who do not understand the meaning and roles of leaders. ![]() Neves and Schyns ( 2018) posited that top executive leadership teams have failed to hold middle managers accountable for the strategic focus of organizations and the creation of healthy organizational cultures and working environment for their followers. Lipman-Blumen ( 2005) stated that toxic leaders instill fear, make bad decisions, and assault their followers. Coldwell ( 2021) identified abusive supervision authoritarian leadership narcissism self-promotion and unpredictable behavior as five dimensions of a toxic leader. Tepper ( 2000) stated that abusive leaders and supervisors often utilize a variety of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors toward their followers and subordinates.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |